Chop your palm sugar as finely as possible, then add into a small mixing bowl. Add the fish sauce and lime juice and stir until the sugar is mostly dissolved; there will be some lumps left, leave them for now.
1 ½ tablespoon palm sugar, 1 Tablespoons fish sauce, 1 ½ Tablespoons fresh lime juice
Grate the garlic using a microplane into a large mixing bowl, or press it using a garlic press. Finely mince the chilies and add them to the garlic.
2 cloves garlic, 1-3 Thai chilies
Place the whole long beans on a cutting board, and smash them until they split open using whatever you have that works, such as a wooden spoon or a rolling pin. Cut into 2-inch pieces and add to the garlic bowl, then add the tomatoes.
2 long beans
Back to the dressing, give it a good stir one more time, and if there are any lumps remaining, use the back of a spoon to smash them against the side of the bowl and they should dissolve easily. Add the tamarind, pla ra, and MSG (if using).
1 Tablespoons tamarind paste, 1 Tablespoons pla ra fermented fish sauce, ⅛ teaspoon MSG
Using a gloved hand, massage the beans and tomatoes mixture to smash and release the tomato juices into the bowl, and mix with the garlic and chilies. Add the dressing and use your hand to massage everything together well.
Add the papaya and carrots to the mixing bowl and hand massage everything to mix and wilt the papaya.
1 ½ cups julienned green papaya, ⅓ cup julienned carrots
Plate and sprinkle with pumpkin seeds and serve with sticky rice and/or crispy pork rind, if desired.
2 Tablespoons pumpkin seeds